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| 1 |
Detection of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and sub clinical bovine mastitis milk samples using chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY)
Author(s):
Mrs. M. Jagadeeswari , Mr. R. Dhanabalan , Mrs. G. Saranya.
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1-6 |
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Detection of Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and sub clinical bovine mastitis milk samples using chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY)
Abstract
The egg yolk IgY antibodies were generated against Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical bovine mastitis milk samples by immunization in 21 week old white leg horn chickens. The protein content of purified IgY showed a gradual increase in protein concentration from twenty first day of immunization, ranging from 0.1 to 3.7 mg/mL of egg yolk and a single protein band with molecular weight of 180 K.Da was obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The titre of antibody was found to be 1: 10000 on 150th day of immunization estimated by ELISA. The S.aureus IgY was specific to S. aureus antigens and showed no cross reactivity with the whole cell antigens of Streptococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The egg yolk generated antibodies were tested for its agglutination with four clinical and fifty six normal milk samples, where three clinical and three normal milk samples proved positive agglutination. Simultaneously culturing method of S.aureus was also performed all through the test for the conformation in the analysis.
Key words: Agglutination, Bovine mastitis, S. aureus, Chicken IgY antibodies
| 2 |
Evaluation of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (l.) Verdcourt) genotypes for yield and quality characters under polyhouse condition in Kerala
Author(s):
Litty Varghese , Dr. V.A. Celine.
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7-13 |
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Evaluation of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (l.) Verdcourt) genotypes for yield and quality characters under polyhouse condition in Kerala
Abstract
Yard long bean is the most important vegetable grown in Kerala. Protected cultivation is one of the best methods to maximize production and to overcome biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Since the varieties suitable for polyhouse are not popular a study was conducted to identify the best accessions suitable for protected condition. Thirty yard long bean accessions were evaluated for yield and quality characters under naturally ventilated polyhouse. Super Green recorded the highest pod length (85.07 cm) and pod weight (64.77 g) whereas highest pod girth was noticed in NS -634. Neyyattinkara Local recorded highest number of pods per plant. The highest yield per plant was recorded in Anad Local (1627.12g) followed by NS-634, Githika and Hari Rani.
Keywords
| 3 |
Boron deficiency induced retardation in pollen-stigma interaction in soybean plants
Author(s):
Archana , Nalini Pandey.
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14-21 |
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Boron deficiency induced retardation in pollen-stigma interaction in soybean plants
Abstract
To assess the boron deficiency induced changes in reproductive development, an experiment was conducted with soybean (Glycine max var. JS-335), in sand culture under glass house condition till maturity at deficient (0.033 mg BL-1) and sufficient (0.33 mg BL-1) boron supply. Deficient supply of boron delayed as well as decreased the number of flowers formed per plant and reduced the size of anthers, pollen producing capacity (PPC), the size and viability of pollen grains, pollen tube length, pistil size and number of ovules per ovary. Insufficient boron in plants also affected the activities of stigmatic enzymes- peroxidise, acid phosphatise and esterase which are involved in adhesion of pollen grains on stigmatic surface during fertilization phenomenon and this is indicative of a role of boron in pollen-stigma interaction.
| 4 |
weedy rice-an emerging threat to paddy production
Author(s):
ARYA S R , Dr. Ameena, M.
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22-28 |
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weedy rice-an emerging threat to paddy production
Abstract
Weedy rice are complex of Oryza morphotypes widely distributed in the commercial rice fields in more than 50 countries of Asia, Africa and America where farmers have switched to direct seeding due to labour shortage and high cost. Heavy infestation of weedy rice in rice fields during recent years had forced the farmers to abandon the crop due to huge reduction in crop yield. Hence weedy rice infestation in the farmer’s field required immediate attention and a management programme aimed at local eradication at the field level followed by integrated management strategies. Integrated management strategies like use of clean seeds, stale seed bed, pre plant application of herbicides to prevent the early emergence and use of wiper device to selectively dry the panicles of weedy rice in standing crop to prevent the build-up of soil seed bank are viable technologies for managing the difficult to control weed in rice.
| 5 |
Expression and clinical significance of gastrin in the process of gastric mucosa carcinogenesis
Author(s):
Zhi-Yong Wang , Jin-long Fu , Jian-liang Wu , Li-wei Sun , Yun Guo , Guo-xiong Li.
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29-34 |
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Expression and clinical significance of gastrin in the process of gastric mucosa carcinogenesis
Abstract
[abstract] Objective: To investigate serum gastrin expression and clinical significance in carcinogenesis of gastric mucosa. Methods: H. pylor was measured by the rapid urease enzyme test，Warthin-Starry silver stain and/or 14C-urea breath test. Serum gastrin in 412 cases of patients with carcinogenesis of gastrine mucosa was measured using radioimmunoassay analysis; Results: H. pylori-positive group, serum gastrin was higher than H. pylori-negative group (P<0.05); Serum gastrin in the process of gastric mucosa carcinogenesis was higher than that in gastric cancer groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Serum gastrin is a better marker to identify the stomach of benign and malignant disease; therefore, detecting GAS serum levels of patients with intraepithelial neoplasia will be very valuable to diagnosis, for example, when GAS significantly declines, it is necessary to consider the possibility of disease progression.
| 6 |
INCIDENCE OF TURKEY POX IN ORGANISED FARMS
Author(s):
Dr. R. Uma Rani , Dr. V. Palanichamy , Dr. B. Muruganandan.
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35-38 |
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INCIDENCE OF TURKEY POX IN ORGANISED FARMS
Abstract
Outbreaks of turkey pox were reported in unvaccinated turkey poults of 6th, 8th and 10th week old in three organized turkey farms. Affected birds showed both cutaneous and diphtheritic form of pox lesions. Several coalescing, round nodular lesions were found in the eyelids, head, wattles and legs and some were superficially ulcerated. Post mortem examination revealed diphtheritic necrotic membranes lining the oral cavity and upper respiratory system in all the birds and intestinal congestion with severe tape worm infestation in the birds of third farm. Histopathological examination of the skin lesions showed large clusters of hypertrophic and hyperplastic epidermal stratified squamous epithelium, surrounded by dense fibroblastic stroma, swollen pale keratinocytes with a foamy, vacuolated cytoplasm and Bollinger bodies. Based on the clinical, post mortem and histopathological examination the disease outbreaks were confirmed as turkey pox. Adviced to apply paste of neem leaves and turmeric externally and to give microsol antibiotic powder @ 4 gm/ litre of drinking water along with B- complex vitamin for 5 days. All the birds were given deworming with L-Mizole (Levamisole and Metronidazole) @ 10mg/100 birds in drinking water. Clinical signs in the affected birds disappeared completely in 6 weeks.
| 7 |
Bacterial Flora of Poultry Semen And Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern
Author(s):
K. Ahmed , K. K. Das , Shiney George.
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39-41 |
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Bacterial Flora of Poultry Semen And Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern
Abstract
A total of 30 semen samples collected from ten breeding Vanaraja birds were subjected to bacteriological examination. All the samples revealed the presence of one or more than one type of bacteria. The organism isolated were E. Coli, Kluyvera ascorbata, Salmonella enteritidis, Pseudomonus, Serratia plymuthica and Klebsiella. Antibiogram revealed that the organism were highly sensitive to norfloxacin (95.54%), ciprofloxacin (90.90%) and ceftraixone (90.90%) and less effective drugs were amoxicillin (10.90%), cephalothin (23.63%) ,cephalaridine (23.63%) and gentamicin (41.82%).
| 8 |
Comparison of the usefulness of endoscopic sphincterotomy, endoscopic papillary large-balloon dilation with combined approaches for common bile duct stones.
Author(s):
Zhi-Yong Wang , Jin-long Fu , Jian-Liang Wu , Li-Wei Sun , yun Guo , Sensen Tang.
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42-46 |
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Comparison of the usefulness of endoscopic sphincterotomy, endoscopic papillary large-balloon dilation with combined approaches for common bile duct stones.
Abstract
Objective: To investigate endoscopic teatment of common bile duct stones (CDS) in patients by sphincter small incision combined with balloon dilatation of the the efficacy and safety.
Method:
296 patients with common bile duct stones treated in our department between July 2009 and July 2013, randomized comparison of SES +ELBD (group A, n = 104) and EPBD alone (group B, n = 96), traditional EST (group C, n = 96) for the treatment of CDS. A group underwent small incision endoscopic sphincterotomy (< 0.5cm), Wilson-cook, the balloon according to the size of stone and dilatation of common bile duct dilatation teat sphincter (diameter of 12, 15, 18mm), the position of the balloon adjustment under X-ray monitoring, balloon injection pressure 5atm, maintain 1min, intermittent 1min, expanding again 1 times, to fully expanded papillae group B, expansion method of operation with the above A group; C group adopts the push-pull papillotome, according to the size of stone, EST usually 10 ~ 15mm. After the stone basket stone, part of patients with stone to stone basket after mechanical lithotripsy(ML).
Results:
ERCP total success rate was 96.3% (285/296). Remove the complete stone rate once: 94.23% in A group and B group 91.67%, C group 83.75% patients, not a clear stones placed biliary drainage tube. Mechanical lithotripsy group A: 10/99 cases (10.10%), group B: 12/92 cases (13.04%), group C: 8/94, 8.51%. A group of 8/99 cases occurred complications (8.08%), group B: 10/92 cases (10.87%), C group17/94 cases (18.09%). 6 cases of acute pancreatitis after operation in A group, 2 cases of acute cholangitis, 4 cases of hemorrhage after operation in B group, 6 cases of acute pancreatitis after operation; 7 cases of hemorrhage after operation in C group, including 1 cases of endoscopic hemostasis, 10 cases of acute pancreatitis; were cured conservatively, no perforation occurred in three groups. A group and C group is a complete stone clearance rate were statistically significant (P <0.05), the complication rate of A group and C group had significant difference (P <0.05).
Conclusion:
SES +ELBD than the traditional EST on rates of successful stone removal in the first session is high, the low rate of complications of ERCP。
Key word:small endoscopic sphincterotomy; endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation; common duct stone; complication
| 9 |
Studies on relationship between total glomalin and soil aggregates in perennial fruit crop orchards
Author(s):
K. Sathyarahini , P.Panneerselvam , A.N.Ganeshamurthy.
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47-52 |
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Studies on relationship between total glomalin and soil aggregates in perennial fruit crop orchards
Abstract
Glomalin is a glycoprotein produced by Arbuscular Mycorrrhizal (AM) fungi, which play an important role in soil aggregation. The presence of total glomalin was studied in different fruit crop orchards viz., Anona (Anona spuamosa), Guava (Psidium guajava), Mango (Mangifera indica) and Sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill) Forsberg) to understand the total glomalin in relation to soil aggregation in perennial fruit crop orchards. Soil samples were collected from inside and outside drip circle of plants and then graded into different aggregates by using various sieves viz., 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mm. All the samples were analysed for total glomalin content and AM fungal spores by adopting standard methods. The results indicated that the soils from outside drip circle had significantly higher total glomalin (6.20 - 9.42 mg g-1 soil) compared to the soils from inside drip circle (5.60 - 7.10 mg g-1 soil) in all the fruit crops orchards. This observation clearly indicated that the undisturbed fruit crop orchard soils contain 9.60% - 24.6 % higher total glomalin compared to inside drip circle of guava, mango and anona orchards. Among the different soil aggregates, the 3-4 mm size aggregates had significantly higher total glomalin compared to 2.0 mm soil aggregates, which clearly indicates the role of glomalin in soil aggregation process. The total AM fungal spores were observed to be significantly varies between different aggregates, but not much proportinate variation among different size of aggregates.
| 10 |
SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSIS IN DOGS WITH ELBOW, HIP AND STIFLE JOINT DISORDERS
Author(s):
Anirudh Ajjampur , Dr. L. Ranganath.
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53-57 |
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SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSIS IN DOGS WITH ELBOW, HIP AND STIFLE JOINT DISORDERS
Abstract
The study consisted of 18 dogs divided into Three groups. Each group consisted of Six dogs with elbow, hip and stifle joint disorders respectively. All the dogs were subjected to synovial fluid evaluation. The physico-chemical parameters recorded in these dogs included synovial fluid volume, color, viscosity, transparency, protein concentration, total nucleated cell count and differential cell count respectively. In the present study the mean synovial fluid volume increased compared to the normal average values. The color of synovial fluid was variable and varied from red tinged to yellow. The Viscosity and transparency of the synovial fluid decreased compared to normal average values. The mean values of protein concentration and total nucleated count of synovial fluid were higher compared to normal average values. The mean mononuclear cell count was lower than normal values whereas the mean synovial fluid differential cell count (Polymorphs) was relatively higher as compared to normal values. The variations in the values of different parameters of synovial fluid within the groups were statistically non- significant (P≤0.05)
| 11 |
Evaluation of tomato hybrids for fruit, yield and quality traits under polyhouse conditions
Author(s):
LEKSHMI S L , V. A. Celine.
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58-64 |
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Evaluation of tomato hybrids for fruit, yield and quality traits under polyhouse conditions
Abstract
Protected cultivation is gaining momentum in India since it offers protection from adverse climate and weather, which ultimately influences the overall productivity and quality of vegetables. Tomato is a premier vegetable crop of round the year and one of the prominent eco-industrial crops of India generating sizeable employment. The present investigation was conducted at Department of Olericulture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala. Twelve tomato hybrids were obtained from public and private sectors and grown under polyhouse conditions. The analysis of variance revealed significant variation among the hybrids for all the characters. Ample variability was observed for vegetative characters as obvious from the wide range obtained for the different characters. INDAM 9802 was the earliest to flower (26.27 days) among the hybrids. Tomato F1 T30 had the potential of setting maximum fruits per plant (35.66) followed by Tomato F1 Queen (35.55). INDAM 9802 recorded the maximum yield of 1444.40 g followed by Tomato F1 T 30 (1412.22) and have the potential to be cultivated under protected conditions of Kerala. A wide range of variation was observed for the biochemical constituents of the fruits. Polyhouse tomatoes had better colour and appearance than those from the field. It has been observed that polyhouse grown tomatoes have potential for better performance and higher fruit yield than open field conditions.
| 12 |
Corals in Gujarat, India
Author(s):
Geetika Nambiar.
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65-73 |
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Corals in Gujarat, India
Abstract
Background: The state of Gujarat, in the northwestern region of India has the longest coastline, covering more than 1,600 km and accounts for 22% of total coastline of the country with a diversity of habitats, especially mangroves, salt marshes, coral reefs, wetlands and sea grasses.
Aim: To educate and enlighten readers about the flourishing marine life of Gujarat’s Coral life.
Methods: Based on web search using the following keywords, information was compiled and elicited
Results: It is found that many indigenous and non indigenous coral species that have occupied the coastal areas of Gujarat. The Gulf of Kutchh is home to coral reefs and India’s first marine national parks.
Conclusion: Although the costal region of Gujarat is rich in Coral biodiversity, there are still many undiscovered regions which need further exploration by marine biologists. Moreover, the government of India can set up museums near these parks to educate the local as well as tourists to enable promotion as well as preservation of marine life.
| 13 |
Molecular Markers: Application in plant improvement programmes
Author(s):
Praneet Chauhan , Pankaj Kumar.
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74-90 |
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Molecular Markers: Application in plant improvement programmes
Abstract
The development and use of molecular markers for the detection and exploitation of DNA polymorphism is one of the most significant developments in the field of molecular genetics. The presence of various types of molecular markers, and differences in their principles, methodologies, and applications require careful consideration in choosing one or more of such methods. The idea of using genetic markers appeared very early in literature but the development of electrophoretic assays of isozymes and molecular markers have greatly improved our understanding in biological sciences. Molecular detection of plant pathogens and characterization of genetic variability by using different DNA markers have offered additional tools in the hands of plant pathologists and plant breeders. This article provides detail review for different molecular marker methods: restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs), sequence characterized regions (SCARs), sequence tag sites (STSs), cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS), microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
| 14 |
Degree of biasedness in estimates of gene action in the presence of epistasis in Capsicum annuum
Author(s):
Arpita Srivastava , A. Mohan Rao , S. Ramesh , Neelavva Konanavar , Harikrishna.
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91-100 |
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Degree of biasedness in estimates of gene action in the presence of epistasis in Capsicum annuum
Abstract
This experiment was conducted with an aim to know the effect of epistasis on the estimates of additive and dominance components of variation in hot pepper. Triple test cross analysis was applied to progenies produced from two hot pepper crosses (Arka Suphal × Gowribidanur and Susan Joy × PBC-483) to study the effect of epistasis on the estimates of gene action for plant height (PH), fruit length (FL), fruit width (FW), average green fruit weight (AFW), number of fruits per plant (NFP), fresh green fruit yield per plant (FY), reaction to thrips infestation (TI) and response to anthracnose infection (AI). The additive and dominance components manifested differences in the presence or absence of epistasis for traits like PH, FL, AFW, FY and AI. Additive genetic variation (D) was higher in magnitude than that of dominance genetic variation (H) for all the characters except FI where dominance component was pre-dominant.
| 15 |
Effect of foliar application of nutrients on quality characters of banana (Musa AAB) Nendran
Author(s):
Ardhra Ann Paul , Dr. C. S. Jayachandran Nair.
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101-104 |
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Effect of foliar application of nutrients on quality characters of banana (Musa AAB) Nendran
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Pomology and Floriculture, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2013-2015 to evaluate the effeciency of foliar nutrition on growth and yield of banana cv Nendran. . The experiment consisted of eight treatments, as foliar sprays each at 2, 4 and 6 months after planting. Treatment T2 (3.0% K2SO4) recorded maximum TSS (31.50 0B) and less acidity (0.320 per cent). It also scored maximum for sweetness and overall acceptability. T6 (ZnSO4 1.0 % + FeSO4 0.3% + CuSO40.2%+H3BO30.2%+(NH4)2MoO40.03%) recorded high total sugar (19. 42 per cent), reducing sugar (16.90 per cent) and minimum non reducing sugar (2.52 per cent) while shelf life was recorded maximum for T8 (4.23 days).
| 16 |
Effect of different extenders on the quality of poultry semen during preservation at 4 – 5 degree celsius*
Author(s):
K.K.Das , K.Ahmed , Nipu Deka.
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105-107 |
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Effect of different extenders on the quality of poultry semen during preservation at 4 – 5 degree celsius*
Abstract
Poultry semen collected by abdominal massage method from five Indigenous and five Van raja chicken were used to study the effect of three extenders on the quality of semen during preservation at 4-50c up to 72 hours. The overall mean sperm motility, live sperm count, total HOST reacted spermatozoa and intact acrosome with normal head differed significantly (P<0.01) between extenders and between preservation periods irrespective of genetic group. The interaction of extender and preservation was highly significant. The overall mean sperm
motility, live sperm count, total HOST reacted spermatozoa and intact acrosome with normal head was significantly higher in EK extender than lake and skim milk extender but no significant difference was observed between lake and skim milk extender for both Indigenous and Van raja chicken. It can be concluded that EK extender could be used successfully for preservation of chicken semen at 4-5oc up to 72 hours.
| 17 |
Semen Characteristics of Vanaraja and Indigenous Chicken of Assam
Author(s):
Kalyan Kumar Das , K. Ahmed , N.Kalita , Nipu Deka.
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108-110 |
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Semen Characteristics of Vanaraja and Indigenous Chicken of Assam
Abstract
A total of 147 ejaculates collected by abdominal massage method from five Indigenous and five Vanaraja chicken were used to study the physical characteristics of semen. The mean PH of Indigenous chicken (6.95+0.01)was slightly acidic than the Vanaraja chicken (7.13+0.01). The total ejaculate volume, sperm motility, live sperm count, sperm abnormalities, intact acrosome wih normal head, intact acrosome with swollen head, head abnormalities, mid piece abnormalities, tail abnormalities, gaint sperm and total sperm abnormalities in Indigenous chicken was 0.13+0.01ml, 84.38+0.67 per cent, 89.73+ 0.41 per cent, 5305.50+134.30 million/ml, 88.37+ 0.53 per cent, 11.63 + 0.53 per cent, 1.57+ 0.15 per cent, 8.00+ 0.71 per cent, 3.34+ 0.36 per cent, 0.11+ 0.04 per cent and 12.61+ 0.95 per cent respectively in fresh semen. The corresponding values for Vanaraja chicken was 0.223 + 0.01ml, 84.38 + 0.59 per cent, 89.47 + 0.64per cent, 3700.73 + 112.48 million/ml, 89.10 + 0.46 per cent, 10.90 + 0.46 per cent, 1.70 + 0.17 per cent, 4.09 + 0.20 per cent, 2.91 + 0.19 per cent, 0.45 + o0.05 per cent and 8.84 + 0.25 per cent respectively. The volume and morphologically normal sperm was significantly higher in Vanaraja than Indigenous chicken while sperm concentration was significantly higher in Indigenous chicken.
| 18 |
Solubilisation of Inorganic Phosphates by Microorganisms Isolated from Cold desert Habitat of Populus alba (White Poplar) in Trans Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh of India
Author(s):
Anshu S Chatli , Swati Sood , Viraj Beri .
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111-117 |
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Solubilisation of Inorganic Phosphates by Microorganisms Isolated from Cold desert Habitat of Populus alba (White Poplar) in Trans Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh of India
Abstract
Phosphate solubilising microorganisms (PSM) were isolated from the natural habitats of Populus alba from Lahaul and Spiti valleys of Himachal Pradesh by pour plating. The PSM formed yellow halos around their colonies on Modified Pikovskaya agar using bromo phenol blue, supplemented with tri calcium phosphate (TCP) as source of insoluble inorganic phosphate. Population enumeration showed the highest count of Phosphate solubilising bacteria (PSB) and fungi (PSF) in the rhizosphere than that of non-rhizosphere. The PSB isolated belonged to genera Bacillus and Micrococcus while the PSF isolated frequently belonged to species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. The isolates with high efficiency for tricalcium phosphate solubilisation, were further tested for their capacities to solubilise Mussoorie Rock Phosphae (MRP), Udaipur Rock Phosphate (URP) and North Carolina Rock Phosphate (NCRP). The bacterial isolate PBC2 (Bacillus) was reported to be highly efficient while amongst fungi PFC6 (Aspergillus niger) was solubilising maximum insoluble phosphate.
| 19 |
Evaluating the performance of wheat varieties under late sown irrigated condition in Bundelkhand zone
Author(s):
B.S.KASANA , A.K.SINGH , R.K.S. TOMAR , Y. C. RIKHARI.
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118-122 |
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Evaluating the performance of wheat varieties under late sown irrigated condition in Bundelkhand zone
Abstract
Delay in time of sowing in Rice-wheat cropping system is perhaps the one of the major factors responsible for low crop yield. Farmers were also practiced late sown wheat due to late release of canal or wheat grown after a catch crop of Toria during August – December. In this study, performance of wheat cultivars (viz. MP-4010, HD-2864, Lok-1, K-7903 and GW-273) sown on December 10 to 25 was evaluated. Crop establishment was impaired of timely sown cultivar (GW-273) when sowing was delayed owing low temperature, which resulted in poor crop stand and ultimately the final yield. With delay planting, wheat cultivar MP-4010 out yielded due to short duration and tolerance to temperature stress at reproductive phase (32-390C) followed by K-7903, Lok-1 and HD-2864.
| 20 |
Refining the weed management practices to increase the yield of urd bean (Vigna mungo L.) in north-western India
Author(s):
Devendra Kumar , A.Qureshi , Prem Nath.
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123-129 |
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Refining the weed management practices to increase the yield of urd bean (Vigna mungo L.) in north-western India
Abstract
The field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2009-2010 at Crop Research Center farm at SardarVallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Modipuram, Meerut (U.P.) to, Refining the weed management practices to increase the yield of urd bean (Vigna mungo L.) in north-western India. Tenth treatments (weedy check, one hand weeding at 20 DAS, two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS; quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g ai/ha as post- emergence, pendimethaline @ 1 kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence, oxyflourfen @ 100 g a.i/ha as pre-emergence, pendimethaline @ 1 kg a.i/ha as pre-emergence + quizalafop ethyl @ 50 g a.i/ha as post-emergence, oxyflourfen @ 100 g ai/ha as pre-emergence + quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g ai/ha post-emergence, pendimethaline @ 1 kg ai/ha as pre-emergence + one hand weeding at 40 DAS, oxyflourfen @ 100 g ai/ha as pre-emergence + one hand weeding at 40 DAS were tested in Randomized Block Design with four replications. Growth and yield attributes were affected significantly due to different weed management practices. However, weed density and weed dry weight were decreased significantly with increasing number of hand weeding (20 and 40 DAS). Hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS proved its superiority over other methods of weed control in respect of all the growth characters and yield attributes as well as grain and straw yield of urd bean crop followed by oxyfloufen @ 100 g ai/ha as pre-emergence + one hand weeding at 40 DAS.
| 21 |
Nitrogen management strategies for direct seeded aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in mollisols of Uttrakhand (India)
Author(s):
D.K.Singh , P.C.Pandey , Priyanker , A.Qureshi , Shilpi Gupta.
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130-138 |
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Nitrogen management strategies for direct seeded aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in mollisols of Uttrakhand (India)
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the rainy (Kharif) season in 2013 and 2014 at N.E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) India to study nitrogen management in direct seeded aerobic rice(cv. Pant Dhan 16). The experiment consisted of three nitrogen level (90,120 and 150 kg ha-1) in main-plots with the seven set of nitrogen scheduling in sub-plots in a split plot design with three replications. The result on the basis of pooled analysis revealed that growth and yield attributes viz. number of shoots, 1000 grain weight, number of grain / panicle, grain and straw yield were higher in the treatment receiving 150 kg N ha-1(N3). Comparing to variable nitrogen scheduling these yield attributing characters were significantly higher when N was applied in 4 splits (□(1/4) basal + □(1/4) at active tillering+ □(1/4) panicle initiation +□(1/4) at flowering) under Tarai conditions recorded the maximum growth and yield attributes as well as grain yield (4778 kg ha-1). The nutrient NPK uptake were also higher under treatment receiving 150 kg N ha-1 and nitrogen scheduling N in 4 splits (□(1/4) basal + □(1/4) at active tillering+ □(1/4) panicle initiation +□(1/4) at flowering. Net return (Rs.38848), and B:C ratio (1.59) were recorded higher with 150 kg N ha-1applied whereas, nitrogen scheduling N in 4 splits(□(1/4) basal + □(1/4) at active tillering+ □(1/4) panicle initiation +□(1/4) at flowering) gave the highest net return (Rs.40878), and B:C ratio (1.69) followed by N in 3 splits (□(1/4) basal + □(1/2) active tillering + □(1/4) panicle initiation).
